What’s happening with Norman?…20 important facts about Nyala…

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There’s our boy, Norman, who came to the side garden, hoping we’d see him. Of course, we did! He’s been by several times since his injury a few weeks ago.

Norman is still struggling with his broken left front leg. It’s obvious he’s in a lot of pain as he gingerly walks into our garden frequently, dangerously jumping over the little fence so we can easily feed him. We don’t encourage him to jump the fence since we’re happy to feed him outside the fence.

However, wildlife, like humans, have familiar routines, and entering the garden closest to the veranda is Norman’s preferred behavior. We realize how dangerous this is for him. With the holidaymakers mostly gone from the park, there is an endless stream of wildlife hour after hour, many of whom like to hang around to see if Norman comes and gets apples and carrots, along with pellets.

A lone zebra lounging in the garden.

He still looks healthy and doesn’t appear to have lost weight. If he can maintain his current state of health and the leg heals in a few months, his longevity is undeterred. By the time we leave here in September, we should have a good idea as to his fate.

Here are some interesting facts about nyalas:

20 Fascinating Facts About the Nyala

In the heart of southern Africa’s woodlands and thickets, one of the continent’s most elegant and elusive antelopes resides, the nyala (Tragelaphus angasii). Known for their striking appearance, gentle behavior, and preference for dense bush, nyalas are a favorite among wildlife enthusiasts and safari-goers alike. These beautiful creatures are ubiquitous in reserves such as Kruger National Park and private conservancies like Marloth Park in South Africa. Let’s explore 20 intriguing facts about this unique animal:

  1. A suckling baby zebra and its mom.

    Sexual Dimorphism at Its Finest
    One of the most notable traits of the nyala is the stark difference in appearance between males and females. Males are dark brown to slate grey with spiral horns and long shaggy hair, while females are bright reddish-brown with no horns and have bold white vertical stripes.

    1. Medium-Sized but Graceful
      Nyalas fall into the medium-sized antelope category. Adult males can weigh up to 125 kg (275 lbs), while females are significantly lighter, typically ranging from 55 to 68 kg (120–150 lbs). Their build is slender and elegant, especially the females.

    2. Shy and Elusive
      Unlike more gregarious antelope species, nyalas are shy and prefer to remain close to thick cover. They are often seen at dawn or dusk, emerging cautiously to graze or drink water.

    3. Not Big on Herding
      Nyalas are semi-solitary or live in small groups. Females and young may form loose groups of up to 10 individuals, but adult males are often solitary except during mating periods.

      Norman moved very carefully to eat the treats we tossed to him.

    4. Masters of Camouflage
      Thanks to their coloration and habit of staying in dense vegetation, nyalas blend remarkably well into their environment. This makes them difficult to spot despite their size.

    5. White Body Markings
      Both males and females have white markings on their face, throat, flanks, and legs. These markings serve as visual signals for communication and recognition.

    6. The Male’s Striking Spiral Horns
      Only the males grow horns, which can reach lengths of up to 80 cm (31 inches). These spiral-shaped horns are used in display and dominance fights with rival males.

    7. Non-Territorial
      Unlike many other antelope species, nyalas are not territorial. Males establish dominance hierarchies instead of defending a specific area.

    8. Complex Courtship Rituals
      When courting a female, a male nyala performs a slow, deliberate dance, arching its back and raising its white crest to appear more imposing.

      Norman, waling gingerly past resident impala Mac and a few friends.

    9. Feeding Habits
      Nyalas are browsers and grazers. They feed on leaves, fruits, twigs, flowers, and occasionally grasses, especially in the early morning and late afternoon.

    10. Water Dependent
      They require regular access to water and are typically found near rivers, streams, or waterholes.

    11. Quiet but Communicative
      Nyalas make few vocalizations, but they do communicate through posture, tail flicks, foot stomping, and occasional barking alarm calls.

    12. Good Swimmers
      Though they prefer dry land, nyalas are capable swimmers and will cross rivers if necessary to reach food or escape danger.

    13. Predators in the Wild
      Lions, leopards, hyenas, and African wild dogs are natural predators of the nyala. Young calves are particularly vulnerable to eagles and pythons.

      We don’t know how Norman manages to jump the little fence with his left front broken leg. Sheer determination brings him to see us and enjoy some fruit and vegetables.

    14. High Reproductive Rate
      Females give birth to a single calf after a gestation period of about seven months. Calves are hidden in dense vegetation for their first few weeks of life.

    15. Threat Displays Over Combat
      When males compete for dominance, they often engage in a ritual display of size and strength rather than direct physical fights. Actual combat is rare.

    16. Life Expectancy
      In the wild, nyalas live up to 12 years, though this can extend to 16 years in captivity under human care.

    17. Cultural Significance
      In some local traditions, the nyala is a symbol of grace and elegance. In Zulu culture, seeing a nyala during a journey is considered a sign of good luck.

    18. Conservation Status
      The nyala is currently listed as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List. Populations are stable, thanks to protected areas and game reserves across southern Africa.

      A giraffe walked by, along with a flock of helmeted guineafowl.

    19. Popular in Private Reserves
      Nyalas adapt well to fenced reserves and private game farms, where their calm nature and beauty make them a prized species for ecotourism and conservation breeding programs.

    The nyala might not be as famous as the lion or elephant, but anyone who has had the pleasure of spotting one in the wild knows they are a true treasure of the African bush. Their shy, peaceful nature, combined with their breathtaking appearance, makes each encounter memorable. As guardians of biodiversity and ambassadors of Africa’s natural beauty, nyalas deserve every bit of admiration and protection we can offer. We have found this to be so true.

    On another note, last night we met friends, Roz and Les, at Ngwenya, for sundowners on the deck and the buffet dinner. We hoped they enjoyed the food as much as we do, and we were thrilled that they loved it. We had a lovely time together.

    There have been issues with WiFi over the past several nights, and we’ve been unable to stream our shows due to numerous outages. Hopefully, that will be repaired soon. Apparently, the fiber in Tonga is down due to an Eskom error, and the provider, Tech Connect, has no control over this. However, we are reminded, “TIA” – this is Africa, and you know what happens.

    Be well.

    Photo from ten years ago today, July 25, 2015:

    At the Cairns Botanical Garden, in Australia. The colors in this bloom and others were unlike any we’ve seen. For more photos, please click here.

    We booked our September 14th flight to Spain…Not the easiest route from here…

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    Here’s the route we’ll be taking from South Africa to Spain on September 14th.

    Finally, we took the time to research flights from South Africa to Spain, which were scheduled to depart in 52 days. It’s incredible how quickly our total six months in Marloth Park are soon coming to an end. Surely, in the future, we’ll return, but for now, we have other plans on the horizon.

    We conducted extensive research to find the shortest time and best pricing, ultimately ending up on Expedia.com on our website at this link.

    Following is our booking:

    Nelspruit to Barcelona

    5:20 pm

    • Departs Sun, Sep 14
    • Nelspruit, South Africa (MQP-Kruger Mpumalanga Intl.)
    55m duration

    6:15 pm

    • Arrives Sun, Sep 14
    • Johannesburg, South Africa (JNB-O.R. Tambo Intl.)
    • Terminal B
    Qatar Airways 5699 operated by AIRLINK
    Economy / Coach (S)
    Layover: 2h 10m

    8:25 pm

    • Departs Sun, Sep 14
    • Johannesburg, South Africa (JNB-O.R. Tambo Intl.)
    • Terminal A

    5:45 am

    • Arrives Mon, Sep 15
    • Doha, Qatar (DOH-Hamad Intl.)
    8h 20m duration
    Qatar Airways 1378
    Seats 17F, 17H
    Economy / Coach (S)
    Layover: 3h 10m

    8:55 am

    • Departs Mon, Sep 15
    • Doha, Qatar (DOH-Hamad Intl.)

    2:40 pm

    • Arrives Mon, Sep 15
    • Barcelona, Spain (BCN-Barcelona Intl.)
    • Terminal 1
    6h 45m duration
    Qatar Airways 145
    Seats 18F, 18H
    Economy / Coach (S)

    Total duration: 21h 20m

    We’d hoped to book a shorter flight, but this was the only option available. No, we don’t look forward to another Red Eye, but from here, it’s unavoidable.

    In the meantime, we will continue to live in the moment and enjoy every remaining day in the bush, surrounded by our wildlife and human friends. Today at 4:30, we’re meeting friends Roz and Les at Ngwenya or sundowners on the deck and the dinner buffet inside the lovely restaurant.

    We’ll be back with more.

    Be well.

    Photo from ten years ago today, July 24, 2015:

    A long stretch of uninhabited beach in Cairns, Australia. For more photos, please click here.

    Trail cam photos and fun capture from Tom…

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    Tom took this photo, a typical early morning for him in Marloth Park, with his laptop ready to listen to Garage Logic, a cup of coffee, and a giraffe.

    This morning, I came across an article from this site about the 3-ounce liquid rule at airports and thought it might be of interest to some of our readers.

    TSA Hints at Ending 3-ounce Liquid Rule—Here’s What Travelers Should Know

    New technology and policy shifts may let travelers bring larger liquid containers through checkpoints. By Michael Cappetta, Published on July 21, 2025

    • The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) is evaluating whether to increase the volume of liquids that can be brought in carry-on luggage. 
    • DHS Secretary Kristi Noem said the liquid rules could be “the next big announcement.”
    • Currently, liquids are limited to 3.4 ounces or less for carry-on bags.

    The nightmare of traveling with liquids could soon be a thing of the past.

    Two giraffes stopped by during the night.

    From ensuring liquids are in the proper container and size to removing them from a bag when necessary, liquids can cause harrowing delays or even additional screenings. However, Department of Homeland Security (DHS) Secretary Kristi Noem recently indicated that the Transportation Security Administration’s (TSA) liquid rules may soon follow the same path as its shoes-off policy, which the agency ended earlier this month.

    “But I will tell you, I mean the liquids, I’m questioning. So that may be the next big announcement: what size your liquids need to be,” Noem said during an interview at a summit with News Nation and The Hill. She added: “Well, hopefully the future of an airport where I’m looking to go is that you walk in the door with your carry-on suitcase, you walk through a scanner and go right to your flight.”

    When asked by Travel + Leisure to comment on Noem’s remarks, the TSA left the door open to change.

    Tom left a piece of chicken for the genet. She enjoyed it.

    “Secretary Noem and TSA are constantly looking for ways to enhance security, and improve the travel experience for the public,” a spokesperson for the TSA told T+L. “Any announcements on policy changes will be made through official channels.”

    Currently, the TSA requires travelers flying with carry-on luggage to limit liquids, gels, creams, pastes, and aerosols to 3.4 ounces or less and ensure they fit in a quart-sized resealable bag (with some exemptions for medically-necessary liquids, including breast milk and baby formula). Travelers may then need to take their liquids out and place them separately in a bin during screening.

    Travelers who are part of the agency’s expedited security screening program, TSA PreCheck, are still subject to the 3.4-ounce liquid rule; however, they do not need to remove these items from their luggage during the screening process.

    The TSA, however, has started rolling out new technology at airports across the United States: computed tomography, or CT scanners. These machines create a more detailed 3D image during the screening process, allowing all travelers to keep laptops and liquids in their bags. The technology is also being explored globally in international airports, such as the United Kingdom’s London Gatwick Airport (LGW), according to TravelPulse Canada.

    The genet and several giraffes during a middle-of-the-night visit.

    However, despite Noem’s comments, it may be years before travelers can take large liquids in their carry-on bags—as in potentially not until 2040, when the TSA anticipates having CT units fully deployed nationwide.

    The absolute easiest way to travel with liquids is to put them in checked luggage, where there are no size limits.”

    As mentioned above, it may be a long time before these changes take effect and other countries adopt the same new policy.

    Tonight is Quiz Night, but we expect the questions for us will be as difficult as last week, when they centered around South African history. The majority of the participants are South African or foreigners who’ve lived here for decades. Nonetheless, we always have a good time commiserating with our teammates and other attendees.

    A Big Daddy and a giraffe stopped by this morning.

    We’ll be back with more tomorrow.

    Be well.

    Photo from ten years ago today, July 22, 2015:

    Tom eyeballed an old-fashioned candy in this store in an Australian mall, but didn’t buy a thing. For more photos, please click here.

    The tourists are gone!…How are we feeling now?…

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    Such an interesting face!

    We’ve been traveling the world without a fixed address since 2012. That’s more than a decade of waking up in unfamiliar beds, deciphering foreign street signs, and learning to call strangers “friend” in languages we sometimes mispronounce but always try to speak with heart.

    Some people ask if we ever get tired of it, this life without a house or a closet of our own, without a familiar neighborhood bakery or the same barista who knows our name and order. But we don’t. Not in the way they mean.

    Yes, there are moments of exhaustion. We’ve waited out thunderstorms in airports with cracked ceilings, gotten lost on dirt roads where GPS dropped off hours ago, and fumbled through visa offices where bureaucracy seems to be the only common language. We’ve been sick in places where pharmacies were hard to find and comfort food even harder, and we’ve had to learn the quiet art of grieving from afar, missing weddings, funerals, birthdays, and spontaneous family dinners. These are not small sacrifices.

    But still, we love it.

    Three giraffes were in the garden.

    We love it because every day feels like a possibility. Because there is something profoundly humbling about being a guest in the world. You become softer around the edges. You listen more. You observe without assuming. You laugh more easily because the best way to bridge the gap between cultures is often humor, especially the kind that comes at your own expense.

    The truth is, we’ve built a different kind of home. Not one made of brick and mortar, but of memories and muscle memory. We know how to pack in ten minutes. We can find the local produce market in a town we’ve just arrived in. We know how to read the kindness in someone’s eyes, even when the words between us are garbled and incomplete. That kind of fluency, the one that has nothing to do with language and everything to do with connection, might be the richest thing we’ve learned.

    We’ve fallen in love with the slow mornings in Bali, where roosters cry before dawn and the scent of incense drifts through the windows. We’ve found serenity with the majestic views of New Zealand, where the lush green landscape rolls by like an exquisite painting, and the expansive views of the sea. We’ve danced in the streets of South America, where music spills out of every open window, and we’ve shared silence under a starlit African sky so vast it made us feel both tiny and infinite.

    Quietly, trotting off.

    Sometimes we ache for stillness, for roots. There are days when we long for a sofa or bed we chose ourselves, a proper place to put our stuff, or a kitchen with spices that don’t have to be tossed or gifted every time we cross a border. There’s a gentle grief in that, knowing we’ve traded permanence for movement.

    But movement is what keeps us alive. It’s what keeps our hearts curious, our minds expanding. It’s what reminds us that there’s always more to learn, more to see, and more people to meet. And more importantly, more versions of ourselves to become. Travel peels away the layers. It challenges you to let go of assumptions, to meet discomfort with grace, and to live in the question instead of racing toward the answer.

    Over the years, we’ve become both lighter and deeper. Our wardrobe fits in two suitcases, yet our emotional toolkit has grown complex and complete. We’ve learned how to say goodbye with sincerity, how to arrive with humility, and how to be okay with the space in between. We’ve watched the sun rise in so many places now that we’ve stopped counting, but we’ve never stopped being moved by the simple miracle of a new day in a new place.

    And the people…oh, the people, and the wildlife… Our life is a patchwork of kind souls who’ve opened their hearts, shared meals with us, and made us laugh when we didn’t think we could. They are the beating heart of our journey. We’ve learned that home isn’t a place. It’s a feeling, and it travels with you when your heart stays open.

    So, how do we feel after all these years on the road?

    We feel grateful. Deeply, breath-catchingly grateful.

    Tom was gazing across the Crocodile River at Ngwenya.

    We feel privileged, not in the sense of luxury, but in the sense of opportunity. That we get to live this life, with all its complexities and occasional chaos, is something we never take for granted. We feel more connected to the world, even as we sometimes float just outside of its conventions. We feel like wanderers by design, but grounded by purpose.

    We still love it. Perhaps even more so now than when we began. Because love deepens with time, it becomes quieter, less frantic, but more enduring. Like the way a well-traveled road feels underfoot, familiar even in its unpredictability.

    This life isn’t for everyone. But for us, it’s everything. And as long as there are new paths to walk, unfamiliar skies to sleep beneath, and warm, unexpected hellos waiting on the other side of a border, we’ll keep going.

    Because this, this movement, this wonder, this love for the road, ultimately is home.

    Be well.

    Photo from ten years ago today, July 21, 2015:

    Tom’s haircut in Australia. For more photos, please click here.

    Feeding wildlife in the bush…Good or bad?…

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    A yellow-billed stork stretching her neck at Sunset Dam.

    The lucerne we had delivered yesterday morning to feed the hungry wildlife has long been consumed. At the moment, there are four warthogs: mom and three fast-growing offspring attempting to retrieve every last blade of hay. The animals are hungry. There is nary an edible leaf on a single tree or bush within our view.

    It’s cloudy today, and continuous rain for several days would cause the bush to become green, providing food for the hungry wildlife. But, in mid-July, there’s only a 4% chance of rain in Marloth Park. The average rainfall in July is 0.19 inches, or 8mm, not enough to benefit the wildlife.

    June was even worse, with only a 2% chance of precipitation. We recall it raining a few times during the month, but unfortunately, not enough to benefit the wildlife. The bush looks brown and dangerously dry. The rains won’t come until October, three months from now.

    A giraffe bending to take a drink from the Crocodile River.

    Here are some valid reasons not to feed wildlife:

    Feeding wild animals in the bush might seem like a kind gesture, but it’s generally considered a bad practice for both animals and humans. Here’s why:

    Why It’s a Bad Idea

    1. Loss of Natural Fear

    Wild animals that are fed by humans often lose their natural fear of people. This can lead to:

    • Increased boldness, even aggression, when approaching humans.

    • Dangerous encounters, especially with large or carnivorous animals.

    2. Disruption of Natural Diets

    Human food is unnatural and often harmful to wildlife. Animals may develop:

    • Nutritional deficiencies or digestive issues.

    • Dependence on handouts instead of foraging naturally.

      A crocodile is swimming upstream on the Crocodile River.

    3. Behavioral Changes

    Feeding alters animal behavior:

    • Some species may stop hunting or scavenging.

    • Animals can become lazy, territorial, or aggressive, especially around food.

    4. Encouraging Problem Animals

    Animals that associate people with food can become “problem animals”:

    • Raiding campsites or lodges.

    • Becoming a danger to people and eventually being relocated or euthanized.

    5. Ecological Imbalance

    Feeding may increase the population of one species over another, disrupting the delicate balance of the bush. This can:

    • Causes overgrazing or depletion of resources.

    • Harm predator-prey relationships.

      Two birds are conversing atop our birdbath in the garden.

    When Feeding Might Be Acceptable

    There are very few exceptions, usually under strict guidelines:

    • Rehabilitation centers or sanctuaries, where professionals care for injured or orphaned animals.

    • Experts manage conservation feeding during drought or disease to protect the survival of species.

    Even in those cases, feeding is temporary and carefully managed.

    The Responsible Approach

    • Observe, don’t interfere. Enjoy wildlife from a distance.

    • Secure your food and trash. Don’t let animals access human leftovers.

    • Educate others. Help spread awareness about the risks of feeding wildlife.

    However, Marloth Park is very different from typical wildlife areas.

    Why We Feed

    • There are few predators in Marloth Park, which helps keep the wildlife population in check during times of drought, causing a lack of sustenance for the animals.
    • The animals in Marloth Park cannot roam as freely as those in Kruger National Park, as a fence encloses them within this 7,413-acre environment.
    • For those of us willing and able to spend what it costs to supplement the animals’ diet, many of us can’t sit back and watch them starve during the dry winter months.
    • This is a holiday township. Tourism provides a vital source of income for many workers and property owners. Dying and starving animals would deter tourists from making this their holiday destination.

    • A genet as seen from the trail cam last night searching for meat.

    When we leave Marloth Park mid-September to travel to Spain, we’ll feel bad leaving the animals without the regular sources of food we provide. But, many other residents and homeowners feed as we do. Hopefully, the rainy season will begin shortly after we leave.

    Last night at Jabula, for the first time, we watched the rugby game with many other enthusiastic patrons in the bar. Yesterday, we studied the rules of a game that we weren’t familiar with. Having some knowledge of the game’s rules greatly added to the enjoyment of watching. The South African team, the Steenboks, is in first place in the world league, making the citizens wild with excitement. It was fun for us as well.

    Tonight, we’re dining out with friends at Amazing Kruger View. Although it’s cloudy today, we will surely have a good time.

    Be well.

    Photo from ten years ago today, July 20, 2015:

    Rocky shoreline at Ellis Beach along Captain Cook Highway in Australia, narrowed the farther we drove. For more photos, please click here.

    Is it true?…Is it no longer necessary to remove shoes at airport security?…

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    A pair of Big Daddies were fighting in the garden. No one was injured. Great photo, Tom!

    From Travel & Leisure online magazine, located here.

    Did the TSA End Its ‘Shoes Off’ Security Rule? Here’s What Travelers Should Know

    The answer is complicated. By Michael Cappetta, Published on July 8, 2025

    The TSA currently requires passengers to remove their shoes when going through a security checkpoint. Now, a new report claims the government agency has rolled back this mandate.

    A significant disruption to travelers may soon be a thing of the past.

    The Transportation Security Administration (TSA) is reportedly rolling back its “shoes off” policy at the security line for general passengers, according to online travel sites.

    Travel newsletter Gate Access claims that the TSA will soon allow all passengers to keep their shoes on during the security checkpoint, which will reduce wait times and keep the lines moving more efficiently. “The change comes after years of public frustration over inconsistent airport experiences, long security lines, and a growing debate over the necessity of certain screening procedures,” according to the newsletter’s writer, and former TSA employee, Caleb Harmon-Marshall.

    Two kudus are beginning to attempt to gain control.

    The TSA did not confirm the news or elaborate on the report. When asked for a comment, the agency told Travel + Leisure: “TSA and DHS are always exploring new and innovative ways to enhance the passenger experience and our strong security posture. Any potential updates to our security process will be issued through official channels.”

    On Tuesday morning, White House press secretary Karoline Leavitt seemingly confirmed this massive change in a post on X, calling it “big news” from the Department of Homeland Security.

    A waterbuck at the water-sparse Crocodile River. We need rain for the wildlife and to restore the reservoir.

    On social media, some travelers shared personal experiences of keeping their shoes on through the security checkpoint. “The agents told me this is a new rule, and so long as your shoes don’t make the alarm go off, no need to remove them,” one traveler wrote on X.

    This policy change is reportedly impacting select airports, so travelers shouldn’t assume their airport is one of them. According to The New York Times, New York City’s LaGuardia Airport (LGA) is among those that will now allow travelers to keep their shoes on.

    Zebras are eating the lucerne delivered today, with wildebeest Hal watching, hoping he can participate.

    The TSA has previously allowed certain passengers to keep their shoes on as part of the screening process. For example, travelers with TSA PreCheck membership could pass through security screening machines without taking off their shoes. Additionally, passengers aged 75 and older were exempt from removing their shoes during the security process.

    The TSA has recently introduced a new program called “Serve with Honor, Travel with Ease,” which provides free or discounted TSA PreCheck memberships to veterans and their families.”

    Zebras hogged the lucerne for two hours.

    _____________________________________________________________________________

    “The requirement to remove shoes at airport security checkpoints is being phased out by the Transportation Security Administration (TSA). This change is part of a broader effort to modernize security procedures and streamline the screening process. The “shoes-off” policy was initially implemented in 2001 after a foiled attempt to detonate explosives hidden in shoes. “

    Be well.

    Photo from ten years ago today, July 19, 2015:

    Tom captured this amazing sunset view over the Coral Sea. For more photos, please click here.

    Seat squatting at 30,000 feet…

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    This is a rainbow agama, which we call “Aggie.” He visits from time to time

    On a few occasions, while boarding flights, other passengers have asked one of us to change our assigned seats to accommodate their family. Since we always choose aisle seats across from each other, if we can maintain an aisle seat, we are willing to move.

    If moving requires us to end up in a middle or window seat, we are not willing to move, especially since most of our flights are long. Fortunately, we’ve never encountered hostile passengers when we’ve refused. However, recently, there have been countless reports of hostile passengers making a scene on a flight when another passenger refuses to give up their seat to accommodate the needs of other passengers.

    In the not-so-friendly skies, a new battleground of etiquette is emerging: the rise of the seat squatter. For those unfamiliar with the term, “seat squatting” refers to the act of deliberately claiming a seat on a plane that wasn’t assigned to you, often without asking or waiting for permission. It’s become an increasingly common issue, especially on full or overbooked flights, and it’s causing friction among travelers, flight attendants, and airlines alike.

    The Anatomy of a Seat Squat

    A seat squat can take many forms. Sometimes it’s subtle—someone quietly slips into an empty aisle seat, hoping no one claims it. Other times, it’s more brazen—a passenger walks past their assigned middle seat and sits in a coveted window or aisle spot, banking on the fact that the rightful passenger might not show up or will concede to avoid confrontation.

    Nola, one of Norman’s grandchildren, has an injury on her side.

    In some cases, it’s born of logic. For instance, a person might swap a middle seat to sit next to their partner or take an empty row toward the back of the plane after boarding is complete. But it becomes contentious when it’s done prematurely, presumptuously, or without regard for others.

    Why People Do It

    There are a few reasons passengers engage in seat squatting:

    • Comfort and convenience: Let’s face it, airplane seats aren’t luxurious. If there’s a better one nearby, the temptation is real.

    • Poor planning: Some travelers failed to choose seats in advance or arrived late for check-in, resulting in them being assigned the worst options.

    • Entitlement or arrogance: A small percentage of passengers feel rules don’t apply to them and that they deserve better than what they paid for.

    • Misunderstanding: Not all squatters are intentionally rude. First-time flyers or travelers unfamiliar with seating policies may not realize that seats are pre-assigned and cannot be negotiated.

      Nathan, Norman’s son, Nina, his partner, and Natalie, his daughter from a few years ago.

    How It Impacts Other Passengers

    For many flyers, persistent travelers, and seat squatters, it’s more than just a minor annoyance. It’s a breach of basic courtesy. Passengers carefully select seats for various reasons, including extra legroom, proximity to the bathroom, distance from the bathroom, medical needs, or simply personal preference. When someone takes a seat that isn’t theirs, it creates awkward encounters that can set the tone for the entire flight.

    It also places unfair pressure on the rightful seat-holder. Confront them and risk a tense situation, or accept a less desirable seat to avoid conflict? Some passengers—especially solo travelers, the elderly, or those with anxiety—might not feel comfortable asking someone to move, even when they have every right to.

    And for flight attendants, this issue becomes yet another interpersonal puzzle to solve before takeoff. Cabin crews already juggle tight schedules, safety checks, and customer service. Sorting out squatting disputes is not a role they relish.

    Norman was watching his family in our garden.

    What the Airlines Say

    Airlines are clear: your boarding pass dictates your seat. Many carriers have reinforced policies and now make in-flight announcements discouraging passengers from changing seats until boarding is complete. Some, like budget airlines, use strict seat enforcement as a way to encourage passengers to pay extra for preferred seats.

    Technology is also playing a role. Digital boarding passes, real-time seat maps, and check-in reminders give passengers more control over seat selection, but also highlight the fact that those better seats often come at a premium.

    Still, many travelers report that enforcement varies. On less crowded flights, some crews are relaxed about empty seats. On fully booked or oversold routes, however, enforcement is tighter, and squatters are routinely asked to return to their original seat.

    Is There a “Right” Way to Change Seats?

    Absolutely. It comes down to respect, timing, and communication. Here are a few guidelines if you’re hoping to switch:

    1. Wait until boarding is complete: You can’t know if a seat is truly available until the doors close.

    2. Ask permission: If the seat belongs to someone, request a swap. Offer a reasonable trade and respect their answer.

    3. Ask a flight attendant: They have the final say and can help facilitate any swaps without disrupting the boarding process.

    4. Be gracious: If you’re denied a move, accept it without fuss. Remember, comfort isn’t guaranteed in economy class.

      Kudu moms and babies in the garden.

    Social Media and Seat Shaming

    In the age of TikTok and Reddit, seat squatting has gone viral. Videos of mid-air arguments, passive-aggressive note passing, and dramatic seat negotiations rack up millions of views. Passengers now turn to social media for validation or condemnation of their actions, further fueling the debate.

    Some viewers applaud those who stand their ground against squatters; others argue for empathy and flexibility, especially for families with small children or passengers with disabilities. The court of public opinion, like the cabin aisle, can be a tight space.

    The Bottom Line

    Air travel isn’t always pleasant. Seats are cramped, flights are full, and tempers run high. But courtesy costs nothing. Seat squatting may seem like a harmless move in the moment, but it can disrupt the harmony of a flight and spark unnecessary tension.

    Ultimately, it’s about treating fellow travelers with respect. We’re all at the mercy of the same recycled air and plastic snack tray, so claiming someone else’s seat uninvited isn’t just bad form. It’s a sign of forgetting we’re all in this sky-bound journey together.

    If you want a window seat, book it early. Or ask nicely because no one wants to start their journey with a standoff over seat 23A.

    Be well.

    Photo from ten years ago today, July 18, 2015:

    The house is surrounded by lush vegetation, including numerous large coconut and palm trees, as well as an endless variety of shrubs and plants. For more photos, please click here.

    A serendipitous bit of fun!…What are dress code requirements for world travel?…

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    Nathan, Norman’s son, is chewing on an apple. Love the look on his face!

    Yesterday afternoon, we chatted with friends Linda and Ken. It was Linda’s birthday, and we hadn’t communicated for a few months after having houseguests for almost two months, out of three, here in the bush. For our remaining nearly two months in Marloth Park, until we depart for Spain on September 14.

    As we discussed our mutual travel plans for September and October, we discovered that the four of us will be in Barcelona at the same time in October, when they’ll have a port of call during their upcoming cruise, and while we are waiting to board our first of four cruises at the end of October, sailing from Barcelona. How ironic.

    In the last almost 13 years of world travel, we met up with Linda and Ken, by coincidence, in the following locations:

    1. 2017: Sydney, Australia
    2. 2019: Wales, UK
    3. 2025: Barcelona, Spain

    We were thrilled to know that we’ll be seeing these dear friends, if only for a part of the day, once again in yet another location in the world.

    Here is Norman, contemplating jumping over the little fence, before he broke his leg.

    Continuing on with today’s topic:

    When traveling abroad, understanding local dress codes is more than just a matter of fashion—it reflects cultural sensitivity, religious customs, and, in some cases, legal requirements. While many destinations are relaxed about attire, others have specific guidelines that tourists should follow to avoid offense or even fines. Here’s an 800-word guide on dress code requirements for tourists in various countries across different regions of the world.

    Middle East and North Africa (MENA)

    United Arab Emirates (UAE)

    Dubai and Abu Dhabi are more liberal than other Gulf nations, but modest clothing is still expected in public places. Men should avoid walking shirtless outside of the beach or pool area, while women should cover their shoulders and knees. At religious sites like mosques, women are required to wear headscarves and clothing that is long, loose-fitting. Tight, revealing clothing is discouraged.

    Another sunny and comfortable day in the garden.

    Saudi Arabia

    Saudi Arabia has strict dress codes rooted in Islamic law. Women are required to wear an abaya (a long, black cloak) in public and are often expected to cover their hair with a scarf; however, rules have relaxed slightly for tourists since 2019. Men should avoid shorts and sleeveless shirts in public spaces. At religious sites, full compliance with traditional attire is required.

    Morocco

    In cities like Marrakech and Casablanca, dress is more relaxed, but tourists should still dress modestly. Women should cover their shoulders and avoid short skirts or shorts. Men should wear shirts in public and refrain from wearing tank tops. In rural or conservative areas, more modest attire is essential.

    A giraffe was walking through the garden.

    Asia

    India

    India is diverse, but modesty is generally expected across the country. Women travelers should avoid tight-fitting or revealing clothing, particularly in temples or rural areas. A long skirt or loose trousers paired with a modest top is ideal. Men should wear long pants and avoid sleeveless shirts in conservative areas. Religious sites require heads, shoulders, and legs to be covered for all genders.

    Thailand

    In urban areas and beaches, clothing is pretty casual, but modest dress is essential when visiting temples and royal palaces. Both men and women must cover their shoulders and knees; wearing long pants or skirts is mandatory. Swimwear should never be worn away from the pool or beach.

    Japan

    Japan doesn’t have strict dress codes, but neat, conservative attire is appreciated, especially in temples and shrines. Revealing clothing may attract stares in rural areas. Tattoos, which are often associated with the Yakuza, should be covered in hot springs (onsens) and pools.

    White-fronted bee-eaters at the birdbath.

    Europe

    France and Italy

    Western Europe tends to be fashion-forward, but generally liberal about dress codes. However, in churches and religious sites, tourists are expected to dress modestly; bare shoulders and short skirts are not allowed. In Italy, some cathedrals may deny entry to visitors who do not meet these standards. In beach towns, walking around in swimwear away from the beach is frowned upon.

    Turkey

    Though technically a secular country, Turkey has a mix of modern and traditional values. In Istanbul and coastal cities, attire is contemporary and relaxed. However, when visiting mosques, women are required to cover their hair, shoulders, and legs; men should refrain from wearing shorts. Scarves and long skirts are often provided at larger mosques.

    Africa (Sub-Saharan)

    Kenya and Tanzania

    In cities and tourist areas, Western-style dress is prevalent, but modest attire is still appreciated. Women should avoid wearing mini-skirts and crop tops, especially in rural or Muslim-dominant regions such as Zanzibar or Mombasa. When on safari, neutral-colored, comfortable clothing is ideal. Men should avoid shorts in formal or rural settings.

    South Africa

    Dress codes are generally relaxed in most of South Africa, particularly in urban areas such as Cape Town and Johannesburg. However, when visiting townships, churches, or rural communities, dressing modestly is a sign of respect.

    The Americas

    United States and Canada

    Dress is generally informal, with wide personal freedom. However, in religious settings or formal occasions, modest attire is often expected. In beach towns, swimwear should be reserved for the beach or pool area. Some upscale restaurants and clubs have a dress code that ranges from bright and casual to formal.

    Mexico

    In major cities and beach resorts, casual clothing is fine. However, when visiting churches or traditional towns, both men and women should dress modestly—no short shorts, tank tops, or crop tops are allowed. For women, a light shawl or scarf is handy for church visits.

    Brazil

    Known for its beach culture, Brazil is quite relaxed about attire in coastal cities. However, when away from the beach, it’s considered inappropriate to wear just swimwear in public spaces. In churches or government buildings, more conservative attire is expected.

    Oceania

    Australia and New Zealand

    These countries are laid-back and casual, with no strict dress codes. However, beachwear should be confined to the beach, and shoes are expected in stores and restaurants. In Aboriginal communities, modest clothing may be appreciated as a sign of respect.

    The Crocodile River, as seen from Amazing Kruger View Restaurant.

    Fiji and Samoa

    In many South Pacific islands, modest dress is required when away from tourist resorts. Women should wear skirts or dresses that cover the knees and shoulders when visiting villages or churches. Men should avoid going shirtless unless on the beach. Sarongs (also known as sulus) are often worn as a sign of cultural respect.

    Lots of kudus and impalas are in the garden regularly.

    General Tips for Dressing Abroad

    1. Research Religious Sites – Always carry a scarf or shawl for unexpected visits to religious buildings.

    2. Watch What Locals Wear – Observing how locals dress is the easiest way to avoid standing out or offending.

    3. Avoid National Symbols – In some countries, wearing clothing with national flags or sacred symbols is considered disrespectful.

    4. Layer Smartly – Pack versatile pieces, such as cardigans, shawls, or loose-fitting trousers, that allow for quick adjustments.

    Respecting local dress codes isn’t just about fitting in—it’s about acknowledging and honoring the cultures you’re visiting. In some places, inappropriate dress can result in being denied entry to landmarks, attract unwanted attention, or even provoke legal consequences. By packing thoughtfully and dressing modestly when appropriate, tourists can demonstrate cultural awareness and enhance their travel experiences.

    This afternoon at 3:00 pm, we have a planned WhatsApp call with Christine, one of our readers from Canada, to answer questions they have about traveling to Africa. We are always happy to assist any of our world-traveling readers. Using WhatsApp, the calls are clear and free.

    This evening, around 4:30, we’re heading back to Ngwenya for river watching, sundowners, and their buffet dinner with Louise and Danie. It’s always a delight to get together with the two of them.

    Be well.

    Photo from ten years ago today, July 17, 2015:

    At the Australian Armory, an  AM113A1 Fire Support Vehicle (Saladin Turret). For more photos, please click here.

    Our guests have left…Quiz Night bomb!…Four more days until…

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    Last Thursday, we had views from Ngwenya, where the four of us went for the buffet dinner.

    This morning, I received a message from Kady. They made it to London, and now the seven-plus-hour layover begins. We appreciate the difficulty of these long layovers and how taxing they can be, especially after getting little to no sleep on the previous flight. Kady will stay in touch along the rest of the way.

    Yesterday, the N4 highway was backed up due to road construction, and they had to leave earlier than the planned 2:30 pm. The driver, Shaun, arrived at 1:30, and moments later, they were gone. It was sad to see them go, but with the wonderful life we enjoy here in the bush, it took us no time at all to get back to just the two of us.

    Tomorrow night, we’re returning to Ngwenya with Louise and Danie.

    By 4:30, we headed to the little market to buy fruits and vegetables for Norman, and by 5:00, we entered Giraffe for dinner and Quiz Night. Hugging many friends we encountered as we entered Giraffe made us smile as usual. South Africans hug and kiss their friends when they see them arrive and leave. It’s a cultural thing and we easily fell into this custom.

    Our new friend Noelene, who was joining our team, sat with us at the bar while we sipped our drinks: a Lion beer for Tom and an extra-light wine for me. I stick to two glasses of this light wine when out, which is usually available at most restaurants. However, at Jabula, Dawn orders my favorite, Four Cousins Skinny wine, to keep on hand for me, either red or rosé, both of which I enjoy.

    A waterbuck on the Crocodile River as seen from Ngwenya.

    On Friday nights, I order a bottle of Skinny wine and drink half of it. The following night, I drink the other half, which they store for me overnight in the fridge. At Zar 220, US$12.27 per bottle, I can enjoy my two glasses at Zar 110, US $6.13 per evening. While we were in the US, a single glass of wine, typically a small pour of 4 to 5 ounces, cost $12.00 to $15.00.

    At Giraffe on Quiz night, my two glasses of extra light wine are Zar 30, US $1.67 each for a total expenditure of ZAR 60, US $3.34. For example, our total bill at Giraffe last night, which included Tom’s beer, my wine, two dinners, and tax and tip, was Zar 637.53, or US $35.56. It will be challenging to pay higher prices when we arrive in Spain in two months.

    The sun is making its final descent.

    Last night at Quiz Night, we were missing Daphne, our usual team member who was busy serving as the quiz mistress, and her husband, Neville, who also usually plays on our team, had to work at his job as manager of Giraffe. As a result, Noelene joined us along with our usual team member, Marolize, leaving us with a team of four.

    The questions were 100% South African. We contributed a few answers when it came to the Nelson Mandela questions, but were at a loss for the balance of the questions, with answers only South Africans would know, including the music session. We’d never heard any of the songs, and we offered no help at all. Our team ended up last among the eight teams playing. It was disappointing for us. Hopefully, next week will be about more general knowledge when we’ll have something to contribute.

    This morning, we washed a load of placemats and towels and began cooking a pot of mince (ground beef) for tonight’s dinner of taco salads. In a few hours, Tom will head to Nelspruit to swap out the rental car for another 30-day rental. Unfortunately, he has to make the three-hour round trip, but our credit cards only insure us for the first 30 days of a car rental contract.

    And then it is gone.

    Since we don’t have a car of our own with insurance, our only coverage is through the credit card’s 30-day plan. It’s a byproduct of being nomads who travel the world; in essence, a small price to pay. Otherwise, we’d have to pay a considerable amount through the rental company.

    He’ll return by dinner, and we’ll enjoy a quiet evening, dining at the table on the veranda and watching the wildlife. Hopefully, we’ll see Norman again.

    The school holidays end this coming Sunday, and the tourists will return to their homes in other locations. Once again, the bush will be calm and peaceful with more and more wildlife stopping by to see us, exactly how we like it.

    Be well.

    Photo from ten years ago today, July 16, 2015:

    Located on Highway 91 en route to Cairns, the Australian Armour & Military Museum is a popular point of interest for both tourists and locals. For more photos, please click here.

    We’re back…Our friends leave tomorrow…The most economical countries to visit…

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    Three kudus, eating lucerne under the tree in the garden.

    As we consider where we may travel after we attend grandson Miles’ graduation in Minnesota in May 2026, costs are always a consideration. With inflation escalating worldwide, we find ourselves digging a little deeper to find countries suitable to our criteria for quality vacation homes that appeal to our desires at a cost we can comfortably afford.

    The Most Economical Countries to Visit in 2025

    Traveling the world doesn’t have to break the bank. Some of the most memorable adventures can be found in places where your money stretches further, allowing for more extended stays, richer experiences, and less stress about your budget. In 2025, these countries stand out for offering incredible value while still delivering on beauty, culture, cuisine, and comfort.

    Our boy Norman is so handsome. We love him.

    1. Vietnam

    Vietnam continues to be one of the most budget-friendly destinations in Southeast Asia. For just a few dollars, travelers can enjoy delicious street food like pho, banh mi, and fresh spring rolls. Accommodation ranges from cheap hostels to comfortable guesthouses and boutique hotels. Public transportation and motorbike rentals are affordable and efficient. Highlights include exploring the limestone cliffs of Ha Long Bay, wandering the lantern-lit streets of Hoi An, and experiencing the vibrant chaos of Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City.

    2. Georgia (the country)

    Georgia is rapidly gaining popularity for its mix of mountain landscapes, ancient churches, warm hospitality, and affordability. Located at the crossroads of Europe and Asia, this small nation offers budget-conscious travelers a taste of wine country (it’s one of the oldest wine regions in the world), hearty food, and scenic towns like Tbilisi and Kazbegi. Public transport is cheap, and many homestays include meals, making it easy to experience local culture.

    Impala Broken Horn and bushbuck Chewy go head to head in the garden.

    3. Mexico

    Beyond the well-known resort towns, Mexico offers a rich tapestry of affordable travel experiences. Colonial cities like Oaxaca and Guanajuato are filled with charm and history, while the Yucatán Peninsula offers beautiful beaches and cenotes at reasonable prices. Street tacos, fresh fruit, and traditional meals are incredibly cheap, and local buses and collectivos help cut transportation costs. In 2025, the exchange rate continues to be favorable for foreign visitors, making Mexico a solid budget destination.

    4. Albania

    Often overlooked in favor of nearby Italy or Greece, Albania is a hidden gem for travelers seeking Mediterranean beauty without the price tag. The Albanian Riviera offers stunning beaches, turquoise water, and traditional seafood meals at a fraction of the cost of Western Europe. Cities like Tirana and Berat are filled with history and color, and the cost of food, transport, and lodging remains exceptionally low.

    What is this large green fruit on a sparse leafless tree?

    5. Nepal

    For lovers of mountains and spiritual experiences, Nepal offers breathtaking scenery and affordability. Trekking routes like the Annapurna Circuit or Everest Base Camp can be done on a tight budget, especially when staying in teahouses along the way. Meals, lodging, and guides are reasonably priced. Even in Kathmandu and Pokhara, daily expenses can remain low while still enjoying temples, lakes, and local cuisine.

    6. Bolivia

    Bolivia is one of the cheapest countries to visit in South America. It’s a land of surreal landscapes—from the salt flats of Salar de Uyuni to the high-altitude city of La Paz. Food is hearty and affordable, accommodations range from hostels to mid-range hotels, and inter-city buses are inexpensive (though often long and bumpy). Despite some challenges with infrastructure, Bolivia rewards the budget traveler with unforgettable sights and adventures.

    Norman fluffs up when he spots a Big Daddy nearby.

    7. Morocco

    Morocco offers a fascinating mix of Arab, Berber, and European influences. Budget travelers can wander the souks of Marrakech, hike in the Atlas Mountains, or sleep under the stars in the Sahara Desert. Street food and local restaurants offer flavorful meals for very little, and riads (traditional guesthouses) provide cultural charm at a good value. Trains and buses connect major cities affordably and efficiently.

    While luxury destinations have their appeal, there’s something gratifying about discovering the world on a budget. These countries prove that with thoughtful planning and a sense of adventure, you can enjoy incredible experiences without spending a fortune. Whether you crave natural beauty, cultural immersion, or mouthwatering cuisine, the world is vast—and wonderfully affordable in 2025.

    Check out the length of the horns on this Big Daddy.

    We’ve been to three of the above countries, Vietnam, Mexico, and Morocco,  and have considered the others as possibilities for the future.

    We’ve had a fantastic time with Kady and Rich. Tomorrow afternoon, driver Wayland will pick them up in the early afternoon to make the 80-minute drive to the Mpumalanga/Nelspruit/Kruger Airport to begin the long journey back to their home in Florida. They’ve only recovered from jetlag in the past few days, and they’ll begin again with jetlag returning to the US.

    Today, Kady and I are going to lunch for “girl time” at Giraffe at noon while Tom and Rich head to the Crocodile River to see what’s happening across the river in Kruger.

    That’s it for today, folks. Sorry, we missed you yesterday.

    Be well.

    Photo from ten years ago today, July 13, 2015:

    Double Island in Australia made us curious as to what it would be like to visit. For more photos, please click here.