Part 1…32 tips for making a long-haul flight more comfortable…

A hornbill brought a treat to her reflection in the kitchen window.

With more dear friends, Karen and Rich,  coming to visit us from the US in July, we started thinking about how the flight can be more comfortable for those traveling long distances. Today, and tomorrow, we’re sharing this article from Travel and Leisure online magazine;

“32 Tips for Making a Long-haul Flight More Comfortable…

These in-flight hacks will help you enjoy the journey and feel more relaxed upon arrival.

More exciting photos…Top airlines for nervous flyers…

Egyptian geese standing in the Crocodile River as seen from Amazing Kruger View. Restaurant.

This morning, while scouring world travel news, I came across an article that I wanted to share with our readers, especially those who have a fear of flying.

After all these years of world travel, I am still not entirely at ease flying long distances, especially flights that cross the ocean. I frequently check the flight’s path on the video screen to see how much further we have to go. No doubt, I feel more at ease when flying with airlines that have excellent safety records.

More Egyptian geese on the Crocodile River.

Here’s the article from Travel and Leisure Magazine online:

“This Is the Top Airline for Nervous Flyers in 2025—With Impeccable Review and Safety Ratings

Here are the best airlines that cater to nervous travelers.

  • Bounce.com has ranked the top international airlines for nervous fliers.
  • The new ranking factors include carriers’ safety records, cabin crew, and passenger comfort.
  • Three airlines based in Asia nabbed the top spots as the best options for nervous travelers.

Flying can feel like a scary proposition, even for seasoned travelers. However, it’s essential to remember that several generations of highly skilled engineers have designed and constructed extremely sturdy aircraft for experienced pilots to fly from point A to point B. Additionally, the statistics are there to support the fact that flying is remarkably safe.

Species unknown.

Still, if you’re nervous, there are some airlines that are better suited for you. And Bounce.com has the list of the best ones.

The website revealed its list of the best airlines for nervous fliers. It created its ranking by first examining data from SeatGuru to determine the average seat pitch and width of economy seats across all aircraft types. It then collected the average airline review score from Skytrax and the safety score from Airline Ratings.

Next, it surveyed 2,000 UK residents, asking them questions like, “Are you a nervous flier,” and to rate the importance of things like how friendly a cabin crew is, the meal service, if there are pillows and blankets available, and if it matters if there are loud people around you.

After looking at all the data and the survey results, it named Singapore Airlines the most stress-free of all for nervous fliers.

“Singapore Airlines takes the top spot, and it’s easy to see why,” the findings noted. “With perfect review and safety ratings, alongside an overall stress-free score of 8.94 out of 10, this airline excels in passenger experience.” It added that the airline’s most standout feature is its generous seat width at 17.5 inches in economy class, giving you “more room to relax on long-haul flights.” Bounce also noted that the airline provides passengers with in-flight meditation playlists to help them relax as an added bonus.

Driving along the river in Marloth Park, we spotted an elephant that had crossed the river from Kruger National Park.

Following closely behind is Korean Air, which received an impressive stress-free score of 8.82 out of 10. “Korean Air is another strong contender for nervous [fliers]. The airline provides one of the most generous economy seat pitches at 32.5 inches, meaning more legroom than competitors like Cathay Pacific (32.0 inches) and Japan Airlines (31.7 inches),” the findings added.

Rounding out the top three is Cathay Pacific, which nabbed a stress-free score of 8.57. “Like the top two, this airline doesn’t have a dedicated nervous [flier] program, but it offers relaxation playlists on board to help ease anxiety,” Bounce explained. “However, it is the only airline in the top three to have an official partnership with Headspace, which allows it to provide meditation support while in the sky.”

While the listed airlines have excellent ratings, the sounds, turbulence, and process of flying long or even short distances can be disturbing for some flyers.

A white stork.

In 2025, Air New Zealand and Qantas were ranked as the safest airlines in the world, with Air New Zealand holding the top spot for the second consecutive year. The rankings are based on safety record, including accident statistics, regulatory audits, and operational standards. 

From another source:

Top 10 Safest Airlines in 2025 (according to AirlineRatings.com):
  1. Air New Zealand
  2. Qantas Airways
  3. Singapore Airlines
  4. Emirates
  5. Cathay Pacific Airways
  6. ANA (All Nippon Airways)
  7. Finnair Lufthansa 
Other Notable Airlines:
  • Virgin Australia: Ranked fourth.
  • South African Airways: Recognized for its adherence to safety and operational standards. 
Factors considered in the safety rankings:
  • Accident records:

    Airlines with a history of fewer serious incidents are given higher scores. 

  • Regulatory audits:

    Airlines that consistently pass audits by aviation authorities demonstrate a commitment to safety. 

  • Operational standards:

    Practices such as maintenance procedures, pilot training, and flight crew protocols are evaluated and assessed. 

  • Fleet age:
    While not the only factor, the age of the aircraft can be a consideration, as newer fleets are often equipped with advanced safety technology.

We hope this information may be helpful for our nervous flyers.

Be well.

Photo from ten years ago today, April 26, 2015:

The overlook at the Hanalei Wildlife Refuge, where one can see the world’s largest taro fields. For more photos, please click here.

Another busy holiday weekend starts today…Food photos from multiple dining experiences…

This is my favorite meal at Stoep Cafe in Komatipoort: a smoked trout salad, which I had on Wednesday morning with Lisa, Kathy, and Connie.

This weekend is another busy holiday period in South Africa, as described here.

“Since April 27th, Freedom Day, falls on a Sunday, the following Monday, April 28th, is also a public holiday. Therefore, there is a public holiday this weekend in South Africa, and it falls on Monday, April 28th.”

After a full day of rain, this morning we awoke to sunshine with only a few clouds wafting through the otherwise blue sky. The temperature is delightfully cool at 69°F (21°C) as the three of us sit on the veranda, enjoying the pleasant weather.
Lisa had scrambled eggs on a hash brown patty with a side of bacon and a crepe.
I hadn’t mentioned that Lisa and I joined Kathy and her sister Connie for breakfast at Stoep Cafe  They picked us up at 9:00 am, and off we went to my favorite breakfast restaurant in the world  It was terrific for the four of us to have ‘girl talk,’ which I’ve thoroughly enjoyed with Lisa here over the past weeks  I’ll be sad to see her go next Thursday.
The three of us had a wonderful buffet dinner at Ngwenya last Thursday.
We’ve continued to enjoy dining out frequently. This Wednesday, we headed to Amazing Kruger View for dinner, overlooking the Crocodile River. Today, we’re sharing the meals we had that evening, as shown.
It was rainy and cloudy when we visited Amazing Kruger View on Wednesday night, so we didn’t take many photos of the sunset or wildlife during our visit.

We were thrilled to run into Don and his cousin Michael at Amazing Kruger View when they’d stopped for a bite to eat after their drive to Nelspruit to return their cousin Sandra to the airport after she visited with Kathy and Don for three weeks  After we chatted with them, they left, and we headed to our table for three.

Reminiscent of our ten months in lockdown in India, Tom ordered the chicken penne pasta at Amazing River View. He ate this dish for the first eight months and gained 24 pounds, 11 kg!

We had a pleasant dinner and were visited by the manager a few times to chat  He remembered us from two years ago  We’ve been surprised by the number of locals who have kindly and warmly greeted us, often with enthusiastic hugs and kisses  We love how warm and welcoming the people of South Africa are.

Lisa’s dinner at Amazing River View was a bread bowl filled with beef curry.

Lisa wasn’t thrilled with her meal since the bread bowl was too doughy, but she enjoyed the curry contents. I loved my meal, as shown below, which consisted of grilled squid (calamari) tubes accompanied by a huge side of creamed spinach. Wow, was that ever good!

Last night, we dined in, and Lisa joined us when she returned from her day trip to the Panorama Route. I made yummy tuna patties, accompanied by a huge Greek salad that we all devoured. We dined on the veranda while only a few animals stopped by.

Lisa was exhausted from the rainy day, and the long drive went to bed early. Later, Tom and I drifted off to our room to stream another few episodes of the new Netflix series, Ransom Canyon. It was another lovely day and evening.

I loved my squid dinner with creamed spinach at Amazing River View.

This evening at 4:45 pm, we’ll head to Jabula for another fun Friday night. Tomorrow night, Kathy, Don, Connie, Don’s brother Keith, Keith’s daughter Karen, and the three of us, for a party of eight, will dine at Jabula.

We have thoroughly enjoyed being so busy these past weeks since Lisa arrived. Today at 3:00, I’ll be speaking with our friends Karen and Rich on WhatsApp, who are planning to visit and stay with us in July. They are the wonderful couple whom we’ve stayed with on several occasions since we began our world travels. Karen and I have been friends for many years.

That’s it for today, dear readers. We hope you all have a fantastic weekend.

Be well.

Photo from ten years ago today, April 25, 2015:

Tom and Anderson, our guide in the Maasai Mara, hit it off. This was within moments of their arrival at the dirt runway airport in the Maasai Mara. This is a repost of an event that occurred in 2013. For more photos, please click here.

It keeps one giving…More Kruger photos…World travel industry news from around the web…

We never tire of seeing lions and other wildlife while on a game drive. This lone female looked at ease while resting in the grass.

We find we must stay attuned to what’s transpiring in the travel industry. With many changes since the end of the pandemic, all travelers must be proactive in ensuring they are following industry updates, including modifications to visa, airline, cruise line, and other modes of transportation rules and regulations.

Travel in 2025 is undergoing significant transformations, influenced by technological advancements, evolving traveler preferences, and global economic shifts. Here’s an overview of the key developments shaping the travel landscape this year:​


✈️ Airline Industry Developments

  • Virgin Atlantic’s Expansion to Saudi Arabia: Virgin Atlantic has initiated daily flights between London Heathrow and Riyadh, marking a notable move given Saudi Arabia’s conservative stance on LGBTQ+ rights and alcohol. This expansion aligns with Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030 initiative, which aims to diversify its economy through investments in tourism and sports. The kingdom has already surpassed its goal of 100 million annual tourists in 2023 and now targets 250 million by 2030.Latest news & breaking headlines

  • Alaska Air’s Financial Outlook: Alaska Air Group has withdrawn its full-year 2025 financial forecast due to ongoing macroeconomic uncertainties, including the impacts of trade tensions. The airline anticipates weaker profits in the second quarter, projecting adjusted earnings between $1.15 and $ toand1.65 per share, which is below analysts’ expectations. Despite challenges, premium travel demand to Hawaii remains robust.Reuters

    Vultures prefer to sit atop dead trees for better views of their surroundings as they search for carrion.

  • European Travel Trends: Economic concerns are influencing European travel behaviors, resulting in a 3% overall decline in planned summer trips. Leisure travel has declined by 8% compared to 2024, particularly among Gen Z travelers. Airlines such as Ryanair and Air France-KLM are considering fare adjustments to maintain demand, especially for transatlantic routes.Reuters


🌍 Emerging Travel Trends

  • Slow and Purpose-Driven Travel: Travelers are increasingly seeking meaningful experiences that emphasize sustainability and cultural immersion. Slow travel, which involves extended stays and deeper engagement with local communities, is gaining popularity among eco-conscious millennials and Gen Zs.Travel Tomorrow

  • Noctourism: With solar activity peaking, destinations such as Finland’s Lapland and Norway’s Lofoten Islands are attracting travelers eager to witness the Northern Lights. Nocturnal experiences, including bioluminescent beaches and late-opening cultural venues, are also on the rise.Travel Tomorrow+1BBC+1

  • AI-Powered Personalization: Artificial Intelligence is playing a significant role in curating personalized travel experiences. From itinerary planning to real-time language translation, AI tools are enhancing the way travelers explore destinations. Companies like Tripadvisor and Byway are leveraging AI to offer tailored recommendations.The Curious Creature

  • Elephants with a baby.

    Calmcations and Digital Detoxes: In response to the increasing noise and digital overload of daily life, travelers are opting for “calmcations”—holidays focused on tranquility. Destinations like Norway and Finland offer off-grid retreats and sound-monitored voyages, providing solace from urban hustle.


🏝️ New Destinations and Attractions

  • The Red Sea Project: Saudi Arabia’s ambitious Red Sea Project has introduced luxury resorts, such as The Red Sea on Sheybarah Island, featuring overwater villas designed with sustainability in mind. This development is part of the kingdom’s broader strategy to boost tourism and diversify its economy.Wikipedia

  • Gulf Coast Cruise Launch: American Cruise Lines has announced a new Gulf Coast cruise set to launch on March 1, 2026. The itinerary includes stops in Mississippi, Alabama, and Florida, offering travelers a unique maritime way to explore the southern coastline.Axios

It appears that the elephants have discovered a small waterhole.

🛂 Travel Regulations and Infrastructure

  • EU’s Entry/Exit System (EES): The European Union plans to implement the Entry/Exit System in October 2025, replacing traditional passport stamps with electronic monitoring. This system will record biometric data and border crossings of non-EU travelers, aiming to enhance security and streamline border management.Wikipedia

As we rebuild our itinerary after our extended stay in the US for health reasons, we remain mindful of any potential changes that may impact our travels. We strongly encourage all our readers/travelers to do the same.

Lisa is off on the Panorama Route tour today. I decided not to join her on the day-long tour, as Tom and I had experienced this exciting adventure in 2014, and it would be a repeat of everything we’d already seen and done. Plus, a lot of walking on rough terrain is required, and at this point, that doesn’t work for me.

We spotted many giraffes in Kruger.

Thus, Tom and I are hanging out at the house today, doing some work on our laptops and working together to make a lovely dinner when Lisa returns around 5:00 or 6:00 pm. It’s a blissfully rainy day, good for the vegetation and the animals, but not so good for Lisa on her tour. Hopefully, she has a good time.

Be well.

Photo from ten years ago today, April 24, 2015:

View from an obscure overlook we found in Princeville, Kauai. For more photos, please click here.

A busy day in Kruger with stunning sightings…

We couldn’t have been more thrilled for yet another example of “safari luck.”

It couldn’t have been a better trip to Kruger National Park, when yesterday, after an early morning departure, we headed to the Crocodile Gate to begin our trek in search of the elusive rhino. Here are some stats on the rhino population in 2025:

In Kruger National Park, the rhino population in 2025 is estimated to be approximately 2,060, comprising both white and black rhinos, according to a report by Africa GeographicThis represents a significant decline from a high of 9,383 in 2013. 

“Safari Luck” prevails one more time. We were thrilled Lisa had an opportunity to see a rhino in the wild, a rare occurrence for most tourists.
Here’s a more detailed breakdown:

Why Are Rhinos Being Poached?

Rhinos, magnificent creatures that have roamed the Earth for millions of years, are facing a grave threat: poaching. Despite international efforts to protect them, rhinos continue to be killed illegally, and their populations are dangerously low. Understanding the reasons behind this poaching crisis reveals a complex web of cultural beliefs, economic pressures, and organized crime.

It was as if they stopped foraging to provide us with photo ops.

At the heart of the issue is the demand for rhino horn. Rhino horns are highly valued in certain parts of the world, particularly in Asia. In traditional Chinese medicine, the horn is believed to have healing properties. It has been used for centuries to supposedly treat ailments ranging from fevers to cancer, despite scientific studies proving that rhino horn, primarily composed of keratin— the same substance found in human hair and nails — has no proven medicinal benefits. Still, old beliefs persist, and in places like Vietnam and China, rhino horn is often regarded as a symbol of status. Wealthy individuals might display it or gift it to others as a show of power and prestige.

The monetary value of rhino horn on the black market is staggering. It can fetch prices higher than gold or cocaine, creating a powerful incentive for poachers, especially in impoverished areas where legal employment opportunities are scarce. In some rural communities near rhino habitats, poaching offers a life-changing payout. This economic desperation makes it easier for organized crime networks to recruit locals to hunt rhinos, offering them equipment and bribes.

This rhino had her horn removed to prevent her being killed by poachers, who only sought the horn for financial gain.

Organized crime plays a significant role in the poaching crisis. International criminal syndicates manage the trafficking of rhino horns from Africa and parts of Asia to markets around the world. These groups have the resources to smuggle horns across borders, launder profits, and evade law enforcement. They treat wildlife trafficking with the same seriousness as drugs or arms smuggling, making it a significant global crime issue, not just a conservation problem.

Another layer to the problem is the lack of vigorous enforcement and corruption. In some countries where rhinos are found, wildlife protection agencies are often underfunded, understaffed, or poorly trained. Poachers may bribe park officials, police, or customs agents to look the other way. Even when poachers are caught, legal systems often hand out light punishments that fail to deter future crimes. Without consistent, harsh penalties and real political will, poachers and traffickers feel emboldened to continue their activities.

They were foraging when we encountered them.

Habitat loss adds more pressure to rhino populations. As human populations grow and agriculture expands, rhino habitats are shrinking. When rhinos are confined to smaller areas, they become easier targets for poachers. In addition, fragmented habitats make it harder for rhinos to find mates, reproduce, and thrive, compounding the effects of poaching.

Conservationists and governments are fighting back. Anti-poaching patrols, dehorning programs (where rhinos are humanely sedated and their horns are removed to make them less valuable targets), and community engagement projects are all part of the effort to save rhinos. Some countries, such as Namibia and Botswana, have achieved success with programs that involve local people directly in conservation, giving them a financial stake in protecting wildlife rather than poaching it.

And then, they were gone, disappearing into the bush.

Still, the battle is far from over. As long as there is demand for rhino horn, there will be those willing to risk everything to supply it. To truly end rhino poaching, a global effort is needed — one that addresses the cultural beliefs driving demand, the poverty that drives poachers, and the criminal networks that profit from the slaughter.

The plight of the rhino is a stark reminder that the survival of a species depends not only on the animals themselves but also on the choices humans make. Every horn that is bought, every bribe that is paid, and every rhino that falls to a poacher’s gun brings us closer to losing one of nature’s most iconic giants forever.

Enjoy today’s rhino photos. We cannot disclose where we spotted the rhinos to prevent poachers from learning about our location at the time, which would prompt these evildoers to investigate that area.

Be well.

Photo from ten years ago today,  April 23, 2015:

The Wai’oli hui’ai Church in Hanalei, Kauai, was built by the congregation in 1841. For more photos, please click here.

A world unto its own…Life is good…

We saw over 300 zebras crossing the road while in Kruger.

We hope everyone had a lovely Easter Sunday. We did. Our friend Frits joined us for dinner at our place, and the conversation flowed with ease. I ruined the cheese pie by overbaking the crust in the overly hot oven, especially since I baked it in a metal pan instead of a glass pan. Thus, it was inedible.

The cherry cobbler came out nicely, and Tom and Frits seemed to enjoy it. Of course, our usual homemade keto pizza was a treat for everyone. The evening passed quickly, although we saw few animals in the garden, since all the holidaymakers were still here.

It looks like this will be the case for the remainder of the month, with multiple holidays interrupting the quiet and peaceful state of the bush. There is nothing we can do about it. Instead, the three of us will continue to languish in our time together with animated conversations and occasional distractions by the appearance of a bushbuck or kudu gracing us with their presence.

We couldn’t believe how many zebras crossed the road. We watched them for 30 minutes.

This morning, while I was still in bed, Tom fed the mongoose tidbits of meat left from yesterday’s pizza prep. Most likely, they will appear again before the end of the day.

Frits invited us for a braai at his Marloth Park house next Sunday, located along the Crocodile River. We’ll bring our meat to cook on the open fire. After checking out the chest freezer in our house, I found three New York strip steaks, which we’ll bring to his house along with our favorite Greek salad, which I have been making each time we eat in.

Life is easy here. Although there are occasional power outages, we have an inverter system, which provides us with power and WiFi. Even during load shedding, so far, since we’ve been here, not a single load shedding period has had an impact on us. We often don’t even realize it’s happening.

It felt like a mini-migration, similar to what is seen in Kenya and Tanzania.

The insects and snakes are scarce this time of year, and fortunately, the weather has been cooling by a few degrees each day. Today is a perfect day.. The humidity is only 45%; the dew point is 59°F, and now, at noon, the temperature is a comfortable 83°F, 29 °C.

Life is good. We’re both feeling well and rested and have no apprehension about leaving for Minnesota in 33 days. Packing will be easy since we’re only staying for three weeks. By June 17, we’ll be back in Marloth Park for the remaining 90 days until we depart for Spain.

Load shedding just started. I need to wrap this up in case we lose Wi-Fi, which can happen during load shedding when power to the cell towers is interrupted.

That’s it for today, folks.

Be well.

Photo from ten years ago today, April 21, 2015:

In Kauai, two intertwined white Hibiscus flowers. For more photos, please click here.

Day 8…Kruger National Park…Stunning sighting in Marloth Park last night!…Leopards and lions…

Last night, Honorary Ranger Jaco Minnaar took this leopard photo in Marloth Park.

South Africa’s Easter holiday season begins today with Good Friday and will continue through the end of the month. With so many tourists in Marloth Park, we will see fewer animals in our garden. As we’ve mentioned many times, when the park is packed with tourists, the wildlife scatters to their holiday homes for not-so-good treats.

Interesting rock formation in Kruger.

Hopefully, animals will visit us in the garden during the remainder of the month, allowing us to continue enjoying activities with Lisa for the next 12 days, until she begins her return journey to the US.

Here is an article we came across today from The Citizen newspaper.

Search for Kruger National Park lions continuing into Easter weekend.

By Jarryd Westerdale\

“Lions were spotted outside the Kruger National Park on Sunday, and provincial authorities are continuing the search.

Elephants in the Sabie River.

The search for escaped lions near the Kruger National Park is continuing into the Easter weekend.

Multiple communities bordering the park have reported possible lion sightings after four of the predators were believed to have escaped the park.

Areas near Bushbuckridge and Hazyview have reported lion sightings, and officials say they will continue searching until the park confirms their return.

There were countless elephant sightings in the park.

Dogs are called to assist.

Two lions were initially reported to be on the loose on Sunday, with that number rising to four by Wednesday.

A resident near Belfast sent a grainy snapshot of a lion on a tar road to the Lowvelder on Sunday, prompting the Mpumalanga Tourism and Parks Agency (MTPA) to begin a search.

As of Thursday, MTPA was still searching and had brought in canine reinforcements to assist.

Along the drive, we spotted many giraffes.

“Our team is still on the ground searching for these lions. Today we are searching with dogs. We are confident that we will find the lions if they are still outside the park,” MTPA spokesperson Simphiwe Shungube told The Citizen.

“We advise the community to avoid any confrontation with the lions and to report sightings to the authorities,” he added.

Loss of habitat is a concern.

Loss of habitat and disease are listed as one of the biggest threats to the African lion population, with African Impact warning the animals could go extinct by 2050.

Traffic stop.

“Lions now occupy less than 92% of the land they once did. This loss of habitat has severe consequences. Lions no longer have access to the vast stretches of savanna grasslands they need to find food, viable mating partners, and thrive as a pride,” African Impact states.

This has resulted in increased interaction between lions and communities, while a range of illnesses has affected the lion population.

Our guide explained that elephants brought down this tree. Elephants rub against trees for several reasons, including removing parasites, keeping their tusks sharp, and accessing nutritious bark and roots. They also use rubbing as a form of communication, particularly males during musth, marking their territory with secretions. Additionally, elephants may rub against trees for comfort and to help them fall asleep.

“The spread of feline herpes virus and feline immunodeficiency virus has devastated huge populations due to the low pathogenicity of these diseases,” it said.

May those who observe the Easter Holiday have a blessed Good Friday and Easter Sunday.

Be well.

Photo from ten years ago today, April 18, 2015:

Tom donned a huge leather hand and arm protector and was handed a massive chunk of fresh meat to feed this vulture at the rehabilitation center. It was quite a thrill to get this photo. I love the look on Tom’s face! As their injuries healed, these vultures would soon be returned to the wild. For more photos, please click here.

Day 7…Kruger National Park…Birds in the park with our photos…Exciting experience last night…Thermal Game Drive…

It’s always challenging to photograph a hippo with its mouth open. This was safari luck!

Although we aren’t avid bird watchers, we enjoy seeing some of the many species of birds in Marloth Park and Kruger National Park. We see many interesting species while stopping at Sunset Dam in Lower Sabie.

How Many Types of Birds Are in Kruger National Park?

A Cape Buffalo on the shore of Sunset Dam in Lower Sabie. Also, another yellow-billed stork is standing on the back of a submerged hippo.

When people think of Kruger National Park in South Africa, they often picture lions lounging under acacia trees, herds of elephants crossing dusty roads, or leopards draped over branches. But there’s another world in Kruger that’s lighter, faster, and more colorful — the world of birds.

A spoon-billed stork.

Kruger National Park is home to an astonishing 500 bird species. That’s right—within its 19,485 square kilometers (7,523 square miles), Kruger holds one of the richest bird diversities on the African continent. This vibrant collection of feathered creatures includes everything from massive eagles to tiny sunbirds, offering a full spectrum of colors, shapes, and sounds.

Of those 500 species, about 253 are permanent residents. You can spot these birds year-round, no matter when you visit. The remaining species are either migratory — flying in from Europe, Asia, or other parts of Africa during certain seasons — or nomadic, moving based on the availability of food and water.

Another view of the spoon-billed stork.

The sheer variety is breathtaking. You might see a lilac-breasted roller flashing its iridescent wings as it swoops to catch insects, or a martial eagle surveying the savannah from high above. In the riverine forests, if you’re lucky and very quiet, you might even spot the elusive pel’s fishing owl, a bird so secretive that finding it feels like winning a prize.

More spoon-billed storks.

Among Kruger’s many bird species, a few stand out so much that they’ve earned a special title: the Big Six Birds. Modeled after the famous Big Five mammals (lion, leopard, elephant, rhino, and buffalo), the Big Six Birds include:

  • Lappet-faced vulture: The largest vulture species in Africa, with a wingspan reaching up to 2.9 meters (over 9 feet).

  • Martial eagle: A powerful bird of prey known for its strength and sharp eyesight.

  • Saddle-billed stork: A striking wading bird, unmistakable with its bright red and black bill and towering height.

  • Kori bustard: One of the heaviest flying birds in the world, often seen solemnly striding across open areas.

  • Southern ground hornbill: A large, charismatic bird that spends most of its time walking the ground, foraging for insects and reptiles.

  • Pel’s fishing owl: The mysterious, nocturnal hunter, usually found near large bodies of water.

Black-winged stilt

Each bird species contributes its thread to Kruger’s life fabric. The park’s diverse habitats — from dense riverine forests to open grasslands and thorny bushveld — create countless niches where different birds can thrive. Whether it’s the acrobatic swoop of a bee-eater catching a dragonfly mid-air or the solemn flight of a heron skimming over a dam, every moment feels alive with movement.

An Egyptian goose at Sunset Dam.

Visiting Kruger during the summer months (October to March) can be especially rewarding for birdwatchers. Many migratory species have arrived to breed during this time, and the park pulses with even more energy. Birds wear their brightest breeding plumage, and their calls fill the air from before dawn until long after sunset.

A Cape buffalo with numerous oxpeckers on its hide.

Birdwatching in Kruger isn’t just about spotting species to tick off a list, though many enthusiasts enjoy that aspect. It’s about slowing down and tuning into a world that’s always there but easy to miss. It’s about noticing the tiny weavers meticulously building nests, the stealthy herons poised at the water’s edge, or the flash of a kingfisher darting like a jewel across a river.

In short, Kruger National Park is not just a paradise for the “big” wildlife seekers; it’s equally a treasure trove for bird lovers. With around 500 species filling the skies, trees, rivers, and bushveld, the park offers an endlessly rewarding experience for anyone willing to look a little closer and listen a little longer. Every visit holds the promise of a new feathered friend to discover.

Lots of hippos.

Last night, we went with resident Rodger on his Thermal Game Drive in Marloth Park. Rodger is sending me a few videos of what we saw. Once we receive them, we’ll post the videos and our photos. It was a fascinating experience we’re anxious to share.

Be well.

Photo from ten years ago today, April 17, 2015:

A lone female was stopping for a drink. The edge of the open vehicle is shown in this photo, illustrating how close we were to her. For more photos, please click here.

Day 6…Kruger National Park…More photos…

What a magnificent animal!

Following are the top ten facts about elephants, along with more elephant information:

Elephants are fascinating creatures with many remarkable characteristics. Here are 10 amazing facts about them:
1. They are the largest land animals: Elephants are the largest land mammals on Earth, with African elephants being the largest.
2. They have incredible memory: Elephants have an impressive memory, known for remembering specific locations and recognizing individuals after long periods.
Some elephants were alone, but most were in small family units and big “parades.”

3. They communicate with vibrations: Elephants communicate not only through sounds but also through vibrations in the ground, allowing them to communicate over long distances.
4. Their trunks are incredibly versatile: An elephant’s trunk is not just a nose but also a hand, mouth, and breathing tool for smelling, drinking, bathing, and more.

This parade started crossing the road.

5. They have the longest pregnancy: Female elephants have the longest pregnancy of any mammal, lasting around 22 months.
6. Their skin is incredibly thick: Elephant skin is thick, often 2.5cm, and folds to retain more water, helping them cool down in the heat.

Some tourists were impatient, trying to maneuver their way around the big beasts, which is dangerous. An elephant can flip a car in a few seconds.

7. They are excellent swimmers: Despite their size, elephants are good swimmers, using their trunks as snorkels.
8. They are extremely intelligent: Elephants are considered one of the most intelligent animals on Earth, capable of self-awareness and recognizing themselves in a mirror.

We waited patiently for them to clear the road before we continued.

9. They have a keen sense of smell: Elephants have a remarkable sense of smell, allowing them to detect water sources up to 12 miles away.
10. They can’t jump: A fascinating fact is that elephants, despite their robust build, cannot jump.

It’s always exciting to see the much larger matriarch who leads the way for the others.

African elephants are the largest land animals on Earth and are known for their intelligence, strong social bonds, and iconic physical features like their large ears and tusks. There are two main species:

  1. African savanna elephant (Loxodonta africana) – Found in grassy plains and woodlands across sub-Saharan Africa. They are the larger of the two species and have curved tusks and large, fan-shaped ears that help them stay cool.

  2. African forest elephant (Loxodonta cyclotis) – Smaller, with straighter tusks and more rounded ears. They live in the dense rainforests of Central and West Africa and were only recently recognized as a separate species due to genetic differences.

There were numerous occasions when they crossed the road.

Some cool facts:

  • Matriarchal societies: Elephant herds are led by the oldest female, the matriarch. She’s like a wise grandma who remembers migration routes and watering holes.

  • Communication: They use rumbles and infrasound to communicate over long distances—sometimes even miles apart.

  • Memory and emotion: “An elephant never forgets” isn’t just a saying. They’re known to mourn their dead and show empathy.
We spotted a yellow-billed stork at Sunset Dam.

Sadly, they’re also under threat. Poaching for ivory, habitat loss, and human-wildlife conflict have caused a decline in their numbers, especially for forest elephants. Conservation efforts are ongoing, with national parks, anti-poaching laws, and international wildlife protections in place—but challenges remain.

This was one of the few photos we could take of Cape Buffalos, one of the Big Five.

We continue to enjoy trips to Kruger with our friend Lisa at least once a week after she leaves on May 1. It’s been such a joy sharing this stunning bush lifestyle with her.

Last night, we attended Quiz Night at Giraffe for another excellent evening. Kathy, Don, Connie, and Sandra joined us. We didn’t win but came in fifth of 12 groups. There were 64 players for the night, a massive group for this fun event.

We couldn’t believe how many elephants we saw in Kruger.

Soon, Tom will drop Lisa and me off at the Imbewe Spa for a pedicure for me and a massage for her. We booked the Thermal Game Drive for tonight at 7:00 pm, but we’ll have to change the date if the rain continues since the roads are so much worse in Marloth Park in the rain.

Bats were in the thatch rafters at the Mugg & Bean in Lower Sabie.

That’s it for today, dear readers. Hoping all is good with you.

Be well.

Photo from ten years ago today, April 16, 2015:

In Kauai, spotting these yellow-tipped stamen on this Anthurium was a first for us. For more photos, please click here.